Taylor and Ryder were thrown together in only the 11th over Thursday, with New Zealand's innings in collapse at 23 for three. They pursued their partnership for the next 58.2 overs to lift the home side to 294-4 before Taylor was out for 151.
The partnership was the highest by a New Zealand pair for all wickets against India, beating 231, and the highest for New Zealand's fourth wicket against all nations, beating the previous mark of 241.
Ryder was unbeaten on 137 at stumps, having batted more than seven hours for his second century in consecutive tests after his 102 at Hamilton, where India won by 10 wickets.
Taylor's century was his first in five tests, since his 115 against Australia at Brisbane in November, and came within 18 runs of his highest score of 169, made against England at Old Trafford 10 months ago.
Taylor struggled to curb his aggressive nature and offered chances throughout his innings before finally lofting an attempted sweep to Yuvraj Singh on the square leg boundary off Harbhajan Singh in the final session.
Ryder, in contrast, played a composed and technically expert innings, limiting his scoring shots to precise and predetermined areas and offering few opportunities to the fielding side.
India captain Mahendra Singh Dhoni was ruled out of the match Thursday with a back injury, handing the captaincy to Virender Sehwag who led India for only the second time in a test.
Sehwag said he was not surprised by New Zealand's revival
